)$19.227 billion (2019 est. Find the most relevant statistics and facts about Ethiopia. Ethiopian Orthodox 43.8%, Muslim 31.3%, Protestant 22.8%, Catholic 0.7%, traditional 0.6%, other 0.8% (2016 est.) In 2022 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 3,034,976. Ethiopia is the oldest Christian state in the world and the country was said to be converted during the . People Groups. Population Size by Sex Zone and Wereda July 2022. ), total: 212,000 (2020 est. ), total: 5.1% (2020 est. Roughly two-thirds of the Ethiopian population identifies as Christian and one-third is Muslim. The ruling party, the Prosperity Party, was created by Prime Minister ABIY in November 2019 from member parties of the former Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), which included the Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP), Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM), plus other EPRDF-allied parties such as the Afar National Democratic Party (ANDP), Benishangul Gumuz Peoples Democratic Party (BGPDP), Gambella Peoples Democratic Movement (GPDM), Somali Peoples Democratic Party (SPDP), and the Harari National League (HNL). )consumption: 689,000 metric tons (2020 est. A subsequent 2007 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC) demarcation was rejected by Ethiopia. )32.53% of GDP (2018 est. [7], According to the government's 1994 census (which the CIA World Factbook follows), 61.6% of the Ethiopian population was Christian: 50.6% of the total were Ethiopian Orthodox, 10.1% were various Protestant denominations (such as P'ent'ay and the Lutheran Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus), and Roman Catholics constituted 0.9% of the population). Islam is also the official religion of this country, which has one of the largest Muslim . Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church published works by an unknown author written in Ge'ez and translated to Amharic in 1986 which claimed Habesha should refrain from sexual intercourse with Oromo, Muslims, Shanqella, Falasha and animals because it was an abomination. W. hen two men were shot dead by police on the night of 5 February in downtown Addis Ababa amidst confrontations triggered by the construction of a church that the authorities claimed was without proper permits, many Orthodox Christians in Ethiopia saw the incident as a continuation of a growing number of attacks against their religion over the past two years. )government consumption: 10% (2017 est. The apostle St. Matthew is said to have died in Ethiopia. A small ancient group of Jews, the Beta Israel, live in northwestern Ethiopia, though most emigrated to Israel in the last decades of the 20th century as part of the rescue missions undertaken by the Israeli government, Operation Moses and Operation Solomon. In 2020 the most popular religions are Islam Summi, Hindu and Christian Roman Catholics. While the use of modern contraceptive methods among married women has increased significantly from 6 percent in 2000 to 27 percent in 2012, the overall rate is still quite low. Additionally, there were 2.75 million internally displaced persons in 2022, meaning 52 percent of Tigray's population fled their homes. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 376 pharmacy students in Northwest Ethiopia between July 15 and August 27, 2022. . 4 0 obj The most recent census, conducted in 2007, estimated 44 percent of the population adheres to the EOTC, 34 percent are Sunni Muslim, and 19 percent belong to evangelical Christian and Pentecostal groups. ), production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Below are key statistics from WHO's Global Health Observatory. [8] Now, as two parties signed the peace deal in Pretoria, the world has decided to move on from the Ethiopian conflict with the empty . 110 IGT-daughter (D), WW, 22 December 2014. 1962 - Haile Selassie annexes Eritrea, which becomes . )imports: 528,000 metric tons (2020 est. Religions: Ethiopian Orthodox 43.8%, Muslim 31.3%, Protestant 22.8%, Catholic 0.7%, traditional 0.6%, other 0.8% (2016 est.) Unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule with the exception of a short-lived Italian occupation from 1936 to 1941. While the use of modern contraceptive methods among married women has increased significantly from 6 percent in 2000 to 27 percent in 2012, the overall rate is still quite low. When you overlook religion in Ethiopia . )forest: 12.2% (2018 est. ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation and particularly in terms of gender as women make up a high percentage of our staff and are encouraged to apply. [citation needed], An estimated 2.6% of Ethiopia's population adheres to various traditional faiths, according to the 2007 census (down from 4.6% in the 1994 census data). 22 March 2021. Today, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, part of Oriental Orthodoxy, is by far the largest denomination, though a number of Protestants (P'ent'ay) churches have recently gained ground. [35] This is because Abyssinia's (present-day Ethiopia) Aksumite monarch embraced a group of Muslims embarking on the first Hijrah from Arabia, fleeing persecution from their homeland. 103 Seid, Tafesse, and Ali., Ethiopia Agrarian Economy. Ethiopia is one of the oldest Christian states in the world. "[9][14] Roughly 68% of Ethiopian Muslims are Sunni, whilst 23% are non-denominational Muslims, whilst another 2% adhere to other sects such as Shia, Quranist, Ibadi etc. Since the defeat of the Derg in 1991, Ethiopians have migrated to escape violence among some of the countrys myriad ethnic groups or to pursue economic opportunities. Islam Summi in fact surpassed in 2019 over 1 billion and 500 million people who practice it. (AP . ; Ethiopia ranks number 12 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by . ), total population: 68.59 yearsmale: 66.43 yearsfemale: 70.81 years (2023 est. In Nigeria, the population in 1900 included 4.2 million Muslims and 180,000 Christians. A two-and-a-half-year border war with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 ended under UN auspices in December 2000. F/qq4 *p0I6La~^}(5&_ILN]k-6u}yy}n41y.uTnxBRj"i@E`T|X4x+rd%Ru/dC$ )jFn(('5]Oe2HBF&\H-)(q*pJA}d7Jo. As of 1 January 2023, the population of Ethiopia was estimated to be 122,365,736 people. )2.33% (2019 est. )from petroleum and other liquids: 15.324 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. <> )proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est. By CARA ANNA, DAVID KEYTON and NAT CASTANEDA November 15, 2021 GMT. 107 CMT HW 25 December 2014. Religious Demography. ), $27.27 billion (2019 est. )transmission/distribution losses: 3.374 billion kWh (2019 est. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ), degree of risk: very high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue feverwater contact diseases: schistosomiasisanimal contact diseases: rabiesrespiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitisnote: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Ethiopia is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an infected person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine, total: 1.16 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA) is responsible for the statistical data generation related to the socio-economic condition of the country. Includes U.S. and international data, reports, and maps. ), fresh water lake(s): Lake Tana - 3,600 sq km; Abaya Hayk - 1,160 sq km; Ch'amo Hayk - 550 sq kmsalt water lake(s): Lake Turkana (shared with Kenya) - 6,400 sq km; Abhe Bid Hayk/Abhe Bad (shared with Djibouti) - 780 sq km;, Blue Nile river source (shared with Sudan [m]) - 1,600 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: (Mediterranean Sea) Nile (3,254,853 sq km), Ogaden-Juba Basin, Sudd Basin (Umm Ruwaba Aquifer), highest density is found in the highlands of the north and middle areas of the country, particularly around the centrally located capital city of Addis Ababa; the far east and southeast are sparsely populated as shown in this population distribution map, geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts, volcanism: volcanic activity in the Great Rift Valley; Erta Ale (613 m), which has caused frequent lava flows in recent years, is the country's most active volcano; Dabbahu became active in 2005, forcing evacuations; other historically active volcanoes include Alayta, Dalaffilla, Dallol, Dama Ali, Fentale, Kone, Manda Hararo, and Manda-Inakir, note 1: landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; Ethiopia is, therefore, the most populous landlocked country in the world; the Blue Nile, the chief headstream of the Nile by water volume, rises in T'ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopianote 2: three major crops may have originated in Ethiopia: coffee (almost certainly), grain sorghum, and castor bean, Oromo 35.8%, Amhara 24.1%, Somali 7.2%, Tigray 5.7%, Sidama 4.1%, Guragie 2.6%, Welaita 2.3%, Afar 2.2%, Silte 1.3%, Kefficho 1.2%, other 13.5% (2022 est.). 0-14 years: 38.91% (male 22,821,026/female 22,498,331)15-64 years: 57.55% (male 33,345,764/female 33,672,933)65 years and over: 3.54% (2023 est.) Education Statistics 2006. Of the 61.6 %, 50.6 % are from the Ethiopian Orthodox Christians. To make sense of it, the war must be viewed through the prism of Eritrea, where a totalitarian regime deemed to have been committing crimes against humanity since 1991 violates fundamental freedoms, including the freedom of religion or belief, comprehensively. The Rastafari view Emperor Haile Selassie as Jesus, the human incarnation of God. Cambodia has the highest percentage of Buddhists at 97.9%, followed by Thailand at 94.6% and Burma (Myanmar) with 87.9%. According to the Barnabas Fund, 55 churches were torched in March 2011 in the Jimma Zone by Muslims after a dispute. )hydroelectricity: 95.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The country is also the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari religious movement. An ethnic Amhara group has a separate list of almost 2,000 but experts say that's just a small fraction of the real toll. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church is an Oriental Orthodox Church, which is the largest Christian denomination in Ethiopia. [23] By 1963, there were seven localities with smaller groups of Bahs in the country. Since the 18th century there has existed a relatively small (uniate) Ethiopian Catholic Church in full communion with Rome, with adherents making up less than 1% of the total population.[3]. ), improved: urban: 52.5% of populationrural: 8.1% of populationtotal: 17.7% of populationunimproved: urban: 47.5% of populationrural: 91.9% of populationtotal: 82.3% of population (2020 est. . The Emperor himself was the defender of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, that also has a concept of Zion, although it represents a unique and complex concept, referring figuratively to St. Mary, but also to Ethiopia as a bastion of Christianity surrounded by Muslims and other religions, much like Mount Zion in the Bible[citation needed]. [36] The founder of Solomonic dynasty, Yekuno Amlak was heavily assisted by Muslim Sultanate of Showa in his struggle against the Zagwe dynasty. Holy Trinity Ethiopian Orthodox Cathedral, Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, travel to Ethiopia via modern-day Eritrea, "Population and Housing Census of 1994: Religion", Ethiopia: International Religious Freedom Report, 2007, Ethiopia: International Religious Freedom Report 2006, "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census", https://web.archive.org/web/20090305231227/http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf, "The Bah Faith: 18441963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Bah Teaching & Consolidation Plan 19531963", "North American Bah Choir in Ethiopia 2009", "Families and youth identified as keys to reducing poverty", "Five arrested for attack on mosques in Ethiopia's Amhara region", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Ethiopia&oldid=1139836593, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2015, Articles with incomplete citations from February 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 04:25. [11], The Kingdom of Aksum was one of the first nations to officially accept Christianity, when St. Frumentius of Tyre, called Fremnatos or Abba Selama ("Father of Peace") in Ethiopia, converted King Ezana during the 4th century AD. Basic Statistic Total population of Ethiopia 2021, by gender . Until the 1980s, a substantial population of Ethiopian Jews resided in Ethiopia. In the Pew study, 1% of Ethiopians identify as Catholic, 16% as . )note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49, 401 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. agriculture: 34.8% (2017 est. 65% of girls and women (15-49) have undergone FGM/C (47.1% in age . Ethiopia has a long historical and cultural connection to both Christianity and Islam. A constitution was adopted in 1994, and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995. In the early fourteenth century Emperor Amda Seyon launched a crusade against the neighboring Muslim state of Ifat Sultanate, several mosques were demolished. endobj Other minority religions in the country include Waaq and indigenous beliefs, which are followed by 2.6% of the Ethiopian population, Roman Catholicism (.7%), and Judaism and Baha'i (.7% combined). In this video made by the channel "Statistics and Data" you can see the evolution of the data from 1945 to 2020. make up the remaining 0.6%. [16] While Muslims can be found in almost every community, Islam is most prevalent in the Somali (98.4%), Afar (95.3%) and Oromia (47.5%) Regions. Administrative Division. 2007 census, 2022 projection. The core characteristics and beliefs of the world's major religions are described below. Profiles include statistics, text, photo, map, progress indicator and language resources. [3] According to the government's most recent census from 2007, Christians constitute 62.8% of the total population, with the largest group being Ethiopian Orthodox Christians at 43.5%, followed by Protestants 18.6% and Catholics at 0.7%. )services: 43.6% (2017 est. Moths Turned Eagles, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahs of Ethiopia. Here are the largest religions in Ethiopia 2020 2023 World Percentage. #topreligioninethiopia #topreligion #dataplayerHelp to get 10. In fact, the percentage of Muslims has remained the same since the 1994 census. With about 40 percent of the population below the age of 15 and a fertility rate of 4 children per woman (and even higher in rural areas), Ethiopia will have to make further progress in meeting its family planning needs if it is to achieve the age structure necessary for reaping a demographic dividend in the coming decades. The world's most religious country is actually a 7 way tie between Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Malawi, Niger, Sri Lanka, and Yemen. )$2.993 billion (31 December 2019 est. . The violence is often dated to November 2020, when the federal government and the region's political party, the Tigray People's Liberation Front, entered into armed conflict at the government ' s Northern Command. Ethiopia has close ties with all three major Abrahamic religions, and it was the first in the region to officially adopt . Title: Child Protection Information Management System Officer Location: Dima, Ethiopia Employment Category: H2 Reporting To: CP/ECCD Team Leader. ), -$4.507 billion (2021 est. Islam is the second most followed religion, with 33.9% of the population being adherents. Events in Tigray mirror some of the violations endured by . (approximately $950 million)0.7% of GDP (2017 est.) Goals include promoting rapid economic growth and improving service delivery. )$26.269 billion (2018 est. )solar: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), maize, cereals, wheat, sorghum, milk, barley, sweet potatoes, roots/tubers nes, sugar cane, millet, food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, garments, chemicals, metals processing, cement, agriculture: 72.7%industry: 7.4%services: 19.9% (2013 est. The Danish Refugee Council (DRC), an international non-governmental organization (NGO), has been providing relief and development services in the Horn of Africa . )expenditures: $13.79 billion (2017 est. Major religion(s): Country major religions. in November 2021, the Ethiopian . used to collect data. [15] and some belonging to various Sufi orders. The Bah Faith in Ethiopia begins after `Abdu'l-Bah wrote letters encouraging taking the religion to Africa in 1916. Christianity is the predominant religion in Ethiopia with a total of 61.6% of the population. With about 117 million people (2021), Ethiopia is the second most populous nation in Africa after Nigeria, and still the fastest growing economy in the region, with 6.3% growth in FY2020/21. )industrial: 51.1 million cubic meters (2017 est. [3] Neither in the 2007 census, nor in the 1994 census, were responses reported in further detail: for example, those who identified themselves as Hindus, Jewish, Bah, agnostics or atheists were counted as "Other". The declining global economic growth rate from 6.2% in 2021 to 3.4% in 2022, as well as the rise in the global headline inflation to 8.8% in advanced countries and 14.4% within member countries of . [3] A 2015 study estimates some 400,000 Christian believers from a Muslim background in the country, most of them belonging to some form of Protestantism. Muslim > Muslim percentage of total population: Muslim percentage (%) of total population 2014 Pew Report. ), -0.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est. 1,822 Views 1 CrossRef citations to date 0. . Today, fifty-nine percent of Ethiopians are Christian (42 percent Orthodox and 27 percent evangelical). The conflict in Tigray is predicated on ethnicity rather than creed. %PDF-1.7 )0.5% of GDP (2020 est. ), 5.461 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2023), at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2023 est. )30.1% of GDP (2017 est. )34.927 (2020 est. A survey by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, "Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa," helps highlight a number of aspects Ethiopian culture.1 The study does not differentiate between Catholics and other Christians, but provides a useful frame for understanding Catholicism in Ethiopia. Islam first arrived in Ethiopia in 614 with the First Migration to Abyssinia. Islam was in 2007 the second largest religion in Ethiopia with over 33.9% of the population. Poverty, drought, political repression, and forced government resettlement have driven Ethiopias internal and external migration since the 1960s. [40] In the late fifteenth century Adal Sultanate invaded Abyssinia led by Imam Mahfuz, his defeat brought about the early 16th century Jihad of the Adalese Imam Ahmed Gran against Ethiopia, where several churches were demolished.[41]. Islam now accounts for nearly forty percent of the population and is growing. For months, the conflict in Ethiopia between the Addis Ababa and a defiant regional government has costs thousands of lives and displaced at least a million people. )industry: 21.6% (2017 est. The four standard measures of religious commitment . Global; Regions. note: data are in current year dollars$17.17 billion (2020 est. Roughly two-thirds of the Ethiopian population identifies as Christian and one-third is Muslim. ), China 17%, United States 16%, United Arab Emirates 8%, Saudi Arabia 6%, South Korea 5%, Germany 5% (2019), coffee, sesame seeds, gold, cut flowers, zinc (2019), $20.859 billion (2021 est.) Before the 1974 revolution, only small numbers of the Ethiopian elite went abroad to study and then returned home, but under the brutal Derg regime thousands fled the country, primarily as refugees. . )wind: 3.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )$2,300 (2020 est. However, it is also one of the poorest, with a per capita gross national income of $960. )$2,200 (2019 est. One ethnic Tigrayan in the diaspora has been compiling a list of names of those killed in Ethiopia's year-long war. Zara. ), total subscriptions: 44.5 million (2020 est. Islam plays an important role in the daily lives of the Muslims of Bangladesh (about 88% of Bangladesh's population). )agricultural: 9.687 billion cubic meters (2017 est. [29] Discrimination against Muslims has been rampant since the creation of modern Ethiopia, Muslims were marginalized in the Haile Selassie era. The vision of the CSA is to be a center of excellence in . (approximately $930 million), information varies; prior to the 2020-2022 Tigray conflict, approximately 150,000 active-duty troops, including about 3,000 Air Force personnel (no personnel numbers available for the re-established Navy) (2022), the ENDF's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-era equipment; in recent years, the ENDF has received arms from a variety of countries, including China, Israel, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine, and the United Arab Emirates; Ethiopia has a modest industrial defense base centered on small arms and production of armored vehicles (2023), 18-22 years of age for voluntary military service (although the military may, when necessary, recruit a person more than 22 years old); no compulsory military service, but the military can conduct callups when necessary and compliance is compulsory (2022)note: in November 2021, the Ethiopian Government issued a nationwide state of emergency that enabled officials to order military-age citizens to undergo training and accept military duty in support of the Tigray conflict; the order also recalled retired military officers to active duty, 5-10,000 Somalia (4,500 for ATMIS; the remainder under a bilateral agreement with Somalia; note - bilateral figures are prior to the conflict with Tigray); 250 Sudan (UNISFA); 1,475 South Sudan (UNMISS) (2022), the ENDF is one of sub-Saharan Africas largest, most experienced, and best equipped militaries; the Ground Forces are estimated to have more than 20 infantry divisions, including several that are mechanized, along with at least 1 division of commandos/special forces; the Air Force has combat squadrons of multipurpose fighter aircraft, attack helicopters, and armed unmanned aerial vehicles; ENDF operations are often supported by sizeable regional state paramilitary unitsthe ENDF is focused on both external threats emanating from its neighbors and against multiple internal armed groups; since 1998, the ENDF has engaged in several conventional and counterinsurgency operations, including border wars with Eritrea (1998-2000) and Somalia (2006-2008) and internal conflicts with the Tigray regional state (2020-2022), several insurgent groups and ethnic militias (aka Fano), and the al-Shabaab terrorist group; the ENDF is currently conducting counterinsurgency operations against anti-government militants in several states, including in Oromya (Oromia) against the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA; aka Shene), an insurgent group that claims to be fighting for greater autonomy for the Oromo, Ethiopia's largest ethnic group; in 2022, militants from the Somalia-based al-Shabaab terrorist group launched an incursion into Ethiopia's Somali (Sumale) region, attacking villages and security forces; the Ethiopian Government claimed that regional security forces killed hundreds of Shabaab fighters and subsequently deployed additional ENDF troops into Somalias Gedo region to prevent further incursionsfrom November of 2020 until a cease-fire was negotiated in November 2022, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) engaged in a military conflict with the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front (TPLF), the former governing party of the Tigray Region; the GoE deemed a TPLF attack on an ENDF base as a domestic terrorism incident and launched a military offensive in response; the TPLF asserted that its actions were self-defense in the face of planned GoE action to remove it from the provincial government; the GoE sent large elements of the ENDF into Tigray to remove the TPLF and invited militia and paramilitary forces from the states of Afar and Amara, as well as the military forces of Eritrea, to assist; TPLF military forces were known as the Tigray Defense Force (TDF) and were comprised of state paramilitary forces, local militia, and troops that defected from the ENDF; the fighting included heavy civilian and military casualties with widespread abuses reported (2023), al-Shabaab; Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)/Qods Forcenote: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Ethiopia-Eritrea: Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision, but neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement Ethiopia-Somalia: While border clashes continue in the al-Fashqa (Fashaga) area, the US views the 1902 boundary treaty between Ethiopia and Sudan as being in force; the undemarcated former British administrative line has little meaning as a political separation to rival clans within Ethiopia's Ogaden and southern Somalia's Oromo region; Ethiopian forces invaded southern Somalia and routed Islamist courts from Mogadishu in January 2007; "Somaliland" secessionists provide port facilities in Berbera and trade ties to landlocked Ethiopia;Ethiopia-Sudan: Ethiopia's construction of a large dam (the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam) on the Blue Nile since 2011 has become a focal point of relations with Egypt and Sudan; as of 2020, four years of three-way talks between the three capitals over operating the dam and filling its reservoir had made little progress; Ethiopia began filling the dam in July 2020; civil unrest in eastern Sudan has hampered efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Ethiopia, refugees (country of origin): 410,727 (South Sudan), 252,496 (Somalia), 163,251 (Eritrea), 48,743 (Sudan) (2023)IDPs: 2.72 million (includes conflict- and climate-induced IDPs, excluding unverified estimates from the Amhara region; border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000; ethnic clashes; and ongoing fighting between the Ethiopian military and separatist rebel groups in the Somali and Oromia regions; natural disasters; intercommunal violence; most IDPs live in Sumale state) (2022), transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia and destined for Europe, as well as cocaine destined for markets in southern Africa; cultivates qat (khat) for local use and regional export, principally to Djibouti and Somalia (legal in all three countries); the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money laundering center, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, navy, which would reportedly be based out of Djibouti, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI).
ethiopia religion percentage 2021